Subject: MANUAL TRANSMISSIONS USED BY AMC & RAMBLER & JEEP (beta version, corrections wanted) Date: Wed, 12 Jul 2000 12:58:31 +0300 Jeep trannies added, tell me what you think of the layout in addition to the corrections to the mistakes that may arise. Some minor corrections here and there, did I miss any? Later, A-V ---------------------------------------------------------------------- model type used in years ---------------------------------------------------------------------- (S=synchro, N=non-synchro) T-86 3spd N (196/199/232/250/287/290) '50-'67 T-89 3spd N (250/327) '56-'66 T-96 3spd N (196/199/232) '56-'70 T-96H 3spd N (199) '70 T-96J 3spd N (232) '67, 70-'72 T-14 3spd S (232/258/290/304) '68-'73,'76 T-15 3spd S (290/304/360) '68-'71 T-10 4spd S (287/327/290/343/360/390/401)'66-'74 150-T 3spd S (258/304/360) '74-'79 SR-4 4spd S (232/258/304) '76-'81 T4 4spd S (151/258) '82-'88 T5 5spd S (151/258) '83-'88 HR-1 4spd S (121) '77-'79 T-90 3spd N (J134) '47-'58 T-96 4spd N (J134) '47-'57 T-90J 3spd N (J226) '47-'58 T-86 4spd N (J226) '47-'58 T-86A 3spd N (J226) '55-'71 T-90C 3spd N (J232/J258/J304/J360) '45-'71 T-98A 4spd N (J232/J258/J304/J360) '55-'71 T-14A 3spd S (J258/J304/J360) '72-'75 T-18 4spd S (J258/J304/J360/J401) '71-'75 T-18A 4spd S (J258/J304/J360/J401) '76-'79 T-5 5spd S (J151/J258) '82-'86 T-4 4spd S (J150/J151/J258) '82-'86 T-176 4spd S (J258/J304) '80-'86 T-150 3spd S (J258/J304/J360/J401) '76-'79 Notes: Non-synchro transmissions DO have a synchronizer, but only one. It is between 2nd and 3rd only. It doesn't work well at high rpms if at all, but nonetheless is there. T-86 used also by Ford with o/d. (289) T-86 has top cover 6 bolts like the T-14. T-86 was a hd option only behind the 196cid, stock all got T-96. T-89 is a big veefy 3spd used with many early-mid '60s engines. T-89 also used by Ford with o/d. (390) used by Olds mid '60s. (394) T-89 w/od Ford was the last to offer them, in '71 pickups. T-85 basically the same tranny as T-89 was also used with Dodge-Plymouth 426 engine in '64 T-85/89 had a 4th gear added and became T-10. T-90 which is basically the same as T-86 was also used in Studebaker Six taxis and Jeep fleet van. T-96 used also in Jeeps (CJ2->), Studebaker sixes, and early Falcons. T-96 and Borg-Warner alum. automatics have the same spline and are the same length T-96 came in 2 models for '70-'72, the H for 199, J for 232; both only in Hornet & Gremlin. T-14 was used in all others with the 232cid. T-96H might also be the same tranny as T-96, just an indication to differ it from the J series. (?) T-96J was only used by AMC (much harder to find parts for). T-96J was used in Rebel & American in '67 as well as '70-'72 Hornets & Gremlins T-96J is a hd version of the T-96 with a larger mainshaft and bearings and different gearing. T-96J Some were prone to premature failure due to improper hardening of internal shafts circa 1971 T-96 and automatic BW M-37 have the same number of splines. T-96 and automatic BW M-35 also have identical universal yokes. T-10/85/89 all had the 9 bolt side cover , but the T-89 shift arms were (stagered ) not inline like the T-10 & 85 . T-14 replaced the T-86 behind 290s starting in '68. Also in '68 the 232 moved up to the t-14 and the 290 moved up to the t-15. All manual transmissions up to '71 have a 10-spline output. T-10 is always 10-spline. T-14 was reintroduced in 76, but only used in the Gremlin with the 232 and 258. All others used the 150-T for 232-304. T-14 '68-'70 (coarse) splines interchange T-14 '71-'72 (coarse) splines interchange T-14 '73-'76 (fine-TF) splines interchange T-14 differences are the output spline and extension housing. Two gear sets [2.61:1 and 3.10:1] T-14 are all the same length. There's only one'68-'72 mainshaft. T-14 the 3.10 gears didn't appear at first ('72-3). it would make sense to use the deeper gears with the taller axles. T-14/T-15 are both 10 spline but T-14 (and T-96) are 10x15/16 where the T-15 was used behind 290 at first but starting '70 was also used with 304/360cids. T-15 is 10x1 1/8. Bold parrent/shaft length are also different. T-15 has an almost square pattern, 5.75x6" also common for T-86 (and Jeep T-14) T-15 is propably biggest 3spd ever used in cars. T-15 was used in Jeeps until '75, and in some IH Harversters/Scouts T-15 was the fleet/hd option for 232 Rebels and Ambos. T-10 and T-89 bolt patterns look very similar also to '49-'64 Ford pattern. T-10 was used almost by every US car company in some point in time. T-10 '66-'70 used Large ( diameter, thicker) bearing cap, with the 10-1/2 inch clutch with long through out bearing. T-10 '71-up used Small (diameter, thinner) bearing cap, with the 11 inch clutch with short trough out bearing. This was also the same bearing that T-96 and T-14 used. T-10 that AMC used was "P" series '65-'66, "T" series '67-early'68, and "V" series from late '68 until they quit using it. T-10 Ford case looks the same, but the bottom left bolt hole is kicked out toward the drivers side . In AMC case the bottom right bolt is kicked out toward passenger side. Input shaft, tail shaft and tail shaft housing are different and can not be used. But most internals of the Ford, should work since they use the basically same case. (though are geared differently) T-10 1970 some applications in Javelins use the National -8169-S rear seal rather than the commonly called for seal part number. T-10 used by AMC '73/'74 was also known as "Super T-10" as reaction to GM moving on to Muncie (redesigned T-10, in-house in '64) T-10 Super aluminum cases are good for ~14lbs over iron T-10 Super were available in three series (AMC may have used): SI dated from ~'66 SII dated from ~'74 SIII dated from '78 Bearing retainer thickness is a clue and SIII cluster shafts are bigger, 1" vs 7/8". SR-4 was also used with 304s in '79 Spirit GT/AMX's! (it's ONLY good for 220 ft lbs.) SR-4 AMC is pretty much the sma as the Ford versions. T-4/T-5 has TF-904 output shaft and seal, so when converting from AMC T-4/5 to a Ford unit you will need the yoke. T-5 front bearing retainer in the AMC T-5 is GM size, as is input shaft. They're maybe shared with gm, or just compatible. T-5 from a Mustang will fit any AMC engine if you get the bellhousing from SR-4 ('76-'81), T-4 ('82-'88) or T-5 ('83-'88), and the throw out arm and bearing, from the same bell. Also the front bearing retainer is needed, gm size, (maybe gm part?), if you don't want to modify the Mustang part. Right clutch disc with the correct # of splines that also fits the pressure plate you're using, and the pilot bearing is also needed. T-5 '94-up mustang input shafts are ~2/3" longer. 150-T (Tremec) is a Ford Toploader design. All the big three used them in the late '70s; A toploader 4spd will slip right into the bellhousing and clutch. Also the output spline is the same [28] - the 150t is ford all the way. From compact to midsize cars the trannies are the same length as the 3spd. 150-T '77-'79 Granadas have an O/D version and the later aluminum O/D input shaft is 5/8" longer. Big engine fords have a 1.375x10 spline input and 31-spline output Iron Duke 2.5L and the AMC 150cid equipped Jeeps are all equipped with a hydraulic clutch assembly, as are the Cherokee and Wrangler sixes (GM 2.8, 4.0, 4.2). HR-1 (by BW) was the tranny used by Porsche/Audi 121cid and it has an unique bolt pattern. T-96 shaft length is 6.5" T-14 shaft length is 6.5" T-15 shaft length is 8" T-10 shaft length is 8" The flywheel was changed in the sixes '71(153->164 teeth) and this coincided with the bellhousing going to the V8 size/pattern. T-86 Cast iron case, Helical 1st and reverse gear, spiral cut mainshaft, case # T86X-1X, Case length 8.12" T-90 gears sill fit and may have been installed in a T-86. T-90 Cast iron case, Straight cut 1st and reverse gear, staight cut mainshaft, case # T90X-1X, Case length 8.12" T-14 Cast iron case, mainshaft has 10 splines on the output Case # T14X-1X or 13-02-065-9XX, Case length 8.68" T-15 Cast iron case, mainshaft has 6 splines on the output Case # T15A-1X or 13-07-065-9XX, Case length 10" T-18 Cast iron case, not synchronized on first, originally Ford truck part number on case T18-1X or 13-01-065-9XX, case length 11.87" T-18A were wide ratio with 6.32:1 first gear. T-18 were close ratio and had a 4.02:1 first gear. There is NO way to tell from the outside of the tranny unfortunately. Putting it in first gear and rotating the input shaft and counting the output shafts revolutions is the only real way to verify. T-150 Cast iron case, three speed, fully synchronized, Case # 260XXXX, case length: 9.18" T-150 has 2.99/1.75/1.00/3.17 gears and will have casting numbers of 2603983 or 2603347 on the drivers side and 2603357 on top. T-150 input shafts is 1 1/8" 10 spline and the output is 1 3/8" 6 spline. T-170 Aluminum case, 4 speed, Case # C2604XXX, case length 10.25" SR-4 Aluminum case, ball bearings on maindrive gear and mainshaft, top cover has a Ford casting mark. Case # 13-32-065-9XX or 13-40--065-9XX, case length 9.25" T-4 Aluminum case, tapered bearings on maindrive gear and mainshaft Case # 13-51-065-9XX or 13-52-065-9XX, case length 9 3/16" T-5 Aluminum case, tapered bearings on maindrive gear and mainshaft Case # 13-51-065-9XX or 13-52-065-9XX, case length: 9 3/16" AX4 solid case, used with 4 cylinders Jeeps up to 10/04/88. AX5 solid case, cast iron intermediate plate, used with Jeep 4 cylinders after 10/04/88 to present BA10/5 (Peugeot) split case, used with Jeep 6 cylinder engines 1987 up to 03/09/89 AX15 aluminum intermediate plate, used with Jeep 6 cylinder engines after 03/03/89 to present For more info on Jeep transmissions see www.jeeptech.com/trans/ OVERDRIVES ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Borg Warner OD was available from early '60 to '69, and during '70-'73 there wasn't one available. Laycock-DeNormanville OD was available '74-'76 but only for the Hornets & Gremlins with 150-T. British made Laycock-DeNormanville overdrive is the same as used in many MG and Triumph models. Borg Warner unit used a large electric solenoid to engage OD. The L-D unit has a sump and hydraulic pump similar to an automatic transmission. It pretty much worked like a two speed automatic -- direct drive and overdrive. It has a sliding clutch assembly to engage OD instead of a band as used in an auto trans or locking pawl as used in the BW units. The T-89 also was used with the OD in the V8 torque tube cars. Borg-Warner overdrive case is 11-3/4" long (less torque tube adapter, if required). This includes the 1-1/2" thick adapter. A complete T-96 w/OD is 18-3/4" long from front of case to end of tailshaft housing. The OD unit is the same for all. The old style overdrive tranny is a manual, newer style has an automatic overdrive which shifts on 2nd and 3rd gear, almost like an automatic tranny. There is an electric kick-down to kick it out of OD. This switch is usually mounted on the accelerator linkage. T-89 was fitted with a BW overdrive unit on the rear. These didn't bolt to just any tranny, there was an adapter about an inch thick (25-26 mm) that went between the tranny and OD unit. The output shaft of the tranny was a short length and splined to fit into the OD unit as well. T-10 FOUR SPEED RATIOS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- series 1st 2nd 3rd ______________________________________________________ CC (GM) 2.88:1 1.91:1 1.33:1 EE (GM) 2.88:1 1.74:1 1.22:1 EE (GM) 2.43:1 1.34:1 1.13:1 OD (GM) 2.23:1 1.23:1 0.94:1 P (AMC) 2.43:1 1:76:1 1:46:1 Q (Ford) 2.64:1 2.10:1 1.60:1 S (AMC/GM/*) 2.43:1 1.61:1 1.23:1 T (AMC) 2.64:1 2:10:1 1.46:1 V (AMC/*) 2.23:1 1.77:1 1.35:1 W (GM/*) 2.64:1 1.75:1 1.33:1 X (aftermarket) 2.64:1 1.61:1 1.23:1 Y (aftermarket) 2.88:1 1.74:1 1.33:1 Z (GM) 3.42:1 2.28:1 1.46:1 U (GM/*) 3.42:1 2.28:1 1.46:1 * = were also available aftermarket The drive hears vary pretty much by first-gear ratio but the first on the cluster is the same for all but the last. "V" series was used '66-'68 with 2:64 and 2:43 1st gear These were wide ratio trans. "U" series also had 34 tooth first driven by 18 on the cluster. Later when GM used it on the assembly line the tooth count was changed to a stronger 30 driven by 16 . Some T-10's were Super T-10's with alumnium mainbodies "Z" series were all SIII, but to simplify rebuilding Warner came up with a set of parts that would work in a SII (7/8" cluster shaft) case, this maybe "U" HOW TO ID AMC MANUAL TRANSMISSIONS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Get the number of cover bolts and the shape of the shifter bosses (where the shifter enters the trans) for the ID. model - additional info - main case length - case # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- T-86 6 bolt, round, connected with brace 8.12", T-86X-1X T-90 6 bolt, round, connected with brace 8.12", T-90X-1X T-96 4 bolt, round, separate 7", T-96X-1X T-14 6 bolt, 1/2 round, separate 8.68", 13-02-065-9XX or T14X-1X T-15 8 bolt, 1/2 round, connected 10", 13-07-065-9XX or T15A-1X 150-T 9 bolt, round, small & large section 9.18", 260XXXX T-170 9 bolt, 10.25", C2604XXX SR-4 Aluminum case, 9.25", 13-32-065-9XX or 13-40--065-9XX T-4 Aluminum case, 9 3/16", 13-51-065-9XX or 13-52-065-9XX T-5 Aluminum case, 9 3/16", 13-51-065-9XX or 13-52-065-9XX T-86 has a horizontal brace between the shift lever bosses (not a low ridge -- it extends nearly to the ends of the bosses. T-96 may have a casting mark) and has six (instead of four like on T-96) bolts retaining the top cover. There are ways to tell T-10's apart for example: 2:23 "V" has 5 grooves cut into the input shaft, 2:43 "P" has 4 grooves cut into the input shaft, 2:64 "T" has 3 grooves cut into the input shaft, 2:64 "W" super T10 has 1 groove cut into the input shaft. 2:43 "S" super T10 also has just 1 groove. Some cases also have a machined boss on the lower drivers side toward the front with the date code stamped into them. BELLHOUSING NOTES ---------------------------------------------------------------------- '67 and later V8s (290/304/343/360/390/401) have a different pattern than '66 and earlier V8s (250/287/327 only). All '72-up (calendar year) AMC sixes and V8's have the same bellhousing bolt pattern. Only difference is depth of bell and consequently the length of the transmission input shaft. They can be interchanged. Some early '72 models might have the old six bellhousing pattern. Generally all AMC's of the same year and engine will have the same transmissions, Changeover years (eg. '75-'76) can be a tossup. The Jeep 4.0l bellhousing will work with the '72-up AMC six. The four cylinder uses same ford-style trans as sixes/v8s but have agm bolt pattern on the engine side. The six cylinder bellhousings are 6.5", V8 is 8" T-96, T-14 [in cars], SR-4/T4/T5 and 150-T are 'short'; T-89, T-86, T-10, and T-15 are'deep'. Some 304s in the small cars used the six cylinder bell. (for example the SR4 equipped 304) (and t-14 equipped, early-mid '70s.) The 150-T and SR-4/T-4/T-5 are two different bolt patterns. Ford bellhousings of the right years are often drilled with both Ford bolt patterns. (meaning the one AMC used as well) AMC used a multi-pattern bellhousing from the late 70s-'83 which had patterns drilled for T-96+T-14/T-4+T-5+SR-4. The T-5 was optional on any AMC T-4 application and should use the same bellhousing. (also shared with the SR-4, some are also with 150-T). The original Ford bellhousing wont work. The AMC 150 has a GM 2.8 60-degree bellhousing. There has been a report of a t10/early-six bell ('mexican' bellhousing). It's definitely the right shape for a GM bolt pattern, though not drilled, but no GM trannies with an 8" input shaft that seem to work with it. If you own/know a car with this bell, get in touch. SHIFTERS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- While the transmissions may be from different manufacturers, the shifter is AMC and is the same setup for both Borg-Warner and Tremec. Collected and posted by Antti-Ville Nauha (Pori, Finland) AMC CLUB FINLAND (AMCCF) Any corrections/additions -> contact me at antti-ville.nauha@kemira.com