Linux consists of TWO THINGS:
Files and Processes
Files are used to create processes and
processes do things with or to files.
 
Files may be created or modified using "stdin" - aka, keyboard or other devices,
and also from the output of processes, known as "stdout".
There is a third value, "stderr", which reports errors to "stdout".

stdin, stdout and stderr can all be redirected, piped, filtered and modified at the command line.
Linux uses INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION - ("piping") allows the output from one process to be the input to another.