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Overview of Linux commands and tools


Linux Summary - http://LinuxMeister - Linux consists of two things: FILES and PROCESSES





Linux at Lunch 2014-2019: Linux at Lunch sessions 2014-2019.html
5 commands: man, ls, cd, pwd, more
Distributions: DistroWatch.com (250+ options!)
manual (RTM): man - help pages, command options
SuSE (Oracle certified) OpenSuSE.org (SuSE)(1st commercial Linux 3/1994)
list files: ls
Mint/Ubuntu/Debian (MUD) LinuxMint.com (Ubuntu/Debian)

ls -al
Centos/RedHat CentOS.org (RedHat 1st release: 5/1995) (Oracle certified)

ls -Al
Browser and Email Firefox - Mozilla (Netscape) Thunderbird

ls [-aAlRst...]
Oracle VirtualBox - VM's VirtualBox: Virtual Machines - run OSes safely
change directory: cd
Office Suite OpenOffice.org
cd [path]
Office Suite Migration steps: Migrating FROM LibreOffice.org to OpenOffice
present directory: pwd
Photography and Image Editing darktable.org - Scripts for editing fotos
in Linux, less is... more





Linux consists of: FILES and PROCESSES
Shells: sh, bash, ksh history / script
special characters: & ; | * ? ' " ` [ ] ( ) $ < > { } ^ # / \ % ! ~ -
user config: .bashrc
process control ps / kill / nice / jobs / bg / fg
shell functions export / env / echo
stdin, stdout, stderr redirects: < > pipe: | comment: #
shell aliases: ll="ls -al"





vi Editor: (summary) vi <filename>
File Management: chown / chmod
hidden cursor keys: h,j,k,l

cp (-rp)
move left h

locate
move down j

lsof
move up k

mv
more right l

rm (-rf)
command mode <esc> <command>

touch
edit/text mode i, I, a, A, o, O…<start typing>

tree
cmd: beginning of line 0

whereis
cmd: end of line $

which
cmd: delete x, dd (line), D or d$ (to end of line)
File systems: du / df / tree
to save: <esc> :w

fdisk [-l] / gparted
to save as new file: <esc> :w <filename>

fsck
to exit w/out saving: <esc> :q!
physical volume (LVM) pvcreate
to save and exit: <esc> :wq
volume group (LVM) vgcreate
to exit forcing save: <esc> :wq!
logical volume (LVM) lvcreate




mkfs
Regular Expressions awk / grep / sed

pv/vg/lv -display
tools and filters: head / tail

mount / umount

find / tee / nl / xargs / perl



tee [-a] / echo
Network: ifconfig [-a] / netstat

tr / col -b / expand

route / ip / nslookup

sort / uniq / fmt

ping / traceroute

cut / paste / join / split

hostname / uname

diff / cmp
Pkg Management: rpm / dpkg / apt-get

wc [-l]

tar / cpio / zip / dump



RH:yum, SuSE:zypper yum / zypper
SSH authorized_keys
Sys Admin adduser / deluser

known_hosts

dmesg / cron

scp (-rp)

sudo / yast

ssh [-l <user>] hostname (ip)

w / last /who / uptime

ssh-keygen

top / vmstate / iostate














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---> FOTOS by john      2018 fotos - updated often, listed by dates, general subject in title



---> The Bible - truly, an all time best seller, a MUST READ! - Read the Bible in ONE Year, or just read a few chapters right here!

bottom line: Trust Jesus

You can Trust Jesus
because you can
trust the Bible
- details are analyzed to show the accuracy and logic of the Bible so that you can trust it.



Major Sections of the Bible
The Bible - 8 major sections OLD Testament: 23,145 vs 929 chapters 39 Books
NEW Testament: 7,957 vs 260 chapters 27 Books
Bible: 31,102 vs 1,189 chapters 66 Books Read the Bible in 1 year - 3 chapters a day John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being. (NASB: New American Standard Bible)
Luke 24:44-47 Now He said to them, "These are My words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled." 45 Then He opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, 46 and He said to them, "Thus it is written, that the Christ would suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, 47 and that repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. (NASB)
the Sections: Books in section: Selected verse from section:
1) THE LAW Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Exodus 3:14 God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM"; and He said, "Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, 'I AM has sent me to you.'" (NASB)
2) HISTORY Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel,1 Kings, 2 Kings, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Nehemiah 1:7 We have acted very corruptly against You and have not kept the commandments, nor the statutes, nor the ordinances which You commanded Your servant Moses.(NASB)
3) WISDOM (Psalms) Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiates, Song of Solomon Proverbs 3:13 How blessed is the man who finds wisdom And the man who gains understanding. (NASB)
4) PROPHETS Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi Daniel 10:14 Now I have come to give you an understanding of what will happen to your people in the latter days, for the vision pertains to the days yet future." (NASB)
5) GOSPELS Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts John 8:58 Jesus said to them, "Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was born, I am." (NASB)
6) PAUL Romans, First Corinthians, Second Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, First Thessalonians, Second Thessalonians, First Timothy, Second Timothy, Titus, Philemon 1 Timothy 2:7 For this I was appointed a preacher and an apostle (I am telling the truth, I am not lying) as a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth. (NASB)
7) LETTERS Hebrews, James, First Peter, Second Peter, First John, Second John, Third John, Jude Hebrews 1:1-2 God, after He spoke long ago to the fathers in the prophets in many portions and in many ways, 2 in these last days has spoken to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the world. (NASB)
8) REVELATION Revelation Revelation 19:10b For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." (NASB)
---> Promises and Prophets

a one page diagram of Promises-n-Prophets
...about the Word... from a few prophets:

from Isaiah, circa 700 BC:

Isa 29:11 The entire vision will be to you like the words of a sealed book, which when they give it to the one who is literate, saying," Please read this," he will say," I cannot, for it is sealed."
Isa 29:12 Then the book will be given to the one who is illiterate, saying," Please read this." And he will say," I cannot read."
Isa 29:13 Then the Lord said," Because this people draw near with their words And honor Me with their lip service,
But they remove their hearts far from Me, And their reverence for Me consists of tradition learned by rote,
Isa 29:14 Therefore behold, I will once again deal marvelously with this people, wondrously marvelous; And the wisdom of their wise men will perish, And the discernment of their discerning men will be concealed."
Isa 29:15 Woe to those who deeply hide their plans from the Lord, And whose deeds are done in a dark place, And they say," Who sees us?" or" Who knows us?"
Isa 29:16 You turn things around! Shall the potter be considered as equal with the clay, That what is made would say to its maker," He did not make me"; Or what is formed say to him who formed it," He has no understanding"?

from Daniel, circa 604-535 BC

Dan 12:1 "Now at that time Michael, the great prince who stands guard over the sons of your people, will arise. And there will be a time of distress such as never occurred since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people, everyone who is found written in the book, will be rescued.
Dan 12:2 Many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.
Dan 12:3 Those who have insight will shine brightly like the brightness of the expanse of heaven, and those who lead the many to righteousness, like the stars forever and ever.
Dan 12:4 But as for you, Daniel, conceal these words and seal up the book until the end of time; many will go back and forth, and knowledge will increase."
Dan 12:5 Then I, Daniel, looked and behold, two others were standing, one on this bank of the river and the other on that bank of the river.
Dan 12:6 And one said to the man dressed in linen, who was above the waters of the river," How long will it be until the end of these wonders?"
Dan 12:7 I heard the man dressed in linen, who was above the waters of the river, as he raised his right hand and his left toward heaven, and swore by Him who lives forever that it would be for a time, times, and half a time; and as soon as they finish shattering the power of the holy people, all these events will be completed.
Dan 12:8 As for me, I heard but could not understand; so I said," My lord, what will be the outcome of these events?"
Dan 12:9 He said,"Go your way, Daniel, for these words are concealed and sealed up until the end time.
Dan 12:10 Many will be purged, purified and refined, but the wicked will act wickedly; and none of the wicked will understand, but those who have insight will understand.
Dan 12:11 From the time that the regular sacrifice is abolished and the abomination of desolation is set up, there will be 1,290 days.
Dan 12:12 How blessed is he who keeps waiting and attains to the 1,335 days!
Dan 12:13 But as for you, go your way to the end; then you will enter into rest and rise again for your allotted portion at the end of the age." (nas)

additional verses about the Word, faith and the life... don't just read, consider them:

Psa 119:9 How can a young man keep his way pure? By keeping it according to Your word.
Psa 119:10 With all my heart I have sought You; Do not let me wander from Your commandments.
Psa 119:11 Your word I have treasured in my heart, That I may not sin against You. (nas)
Psa 119:12 Blessed are You, O Lord; Teach me Your statutes. (nas)

Pro 3:5 Trust in the Lord with all your heart And do not lean on your own understanding.
Pro 3:6 In all your ways acknowledge Him, And He will make your paths straight.
Pro 3:7 Do not be wise in your own eyes; Fear the Lord and turn away from evil.

Jos 1:8 This book of the law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in it; for then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have success. (nas)

Pro 1:1 The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel: (nas)
Pro 1:2 To know wisdom and instruction, To discern the sayings of understanding, (nas)
Pro 1:3 To receive instruction in wise behavior, Righteousness, justice and equity; (nas)
Pro 1:4 To give prudence to the naive, To the youth knowledge and discretion, (nas)
Pro 1:5 A wise man will hear and increase in learning, And a man of understanding will acquire wise counsel, (nas)
Pro 1:6 To understand a proverb and a figure, The words of the wise and their riddles. (nas)
Pro 1:7 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge; Fools despise wisdom and instruction. (nas)

Ecl 3:1 There is an appointed time for everything. And there is a time for every event under heaven" ...
Ecl 3:9 What profit is there to the worker from that in which he toils?
Ecl 3:10 I have seen the task which God has given the sons of men with which to occupy themselves.
Ecl 3:11 He has made everything appropriate in its time. He has also set eternity in their heart,
yet so that man will not find out the work which God has done from the beginning even to the end.
Ecl 3:12 I know that there is nothing better for them than to rejoice and to do good in one's lifetime;
Ecl 3:13 moreover, that every man who eats and drinks sees good in all his labor - it is the gift of God.
Ecl 3:14 I know that everything God does will remain forever; there is nothing to add to it and there is nothing to take from it, for God has so worked that men should fear Him.
Ecl 3:15 That which is has been already and that which will be has already been, for God seeks what has passed by.
Ecl 3:16 Furthermore, I have seen under the sun that in the place of justice there is wickedness and in the place of righteousness there is wickedness.
Ecl 3:17 I said to myself," God will judge both the righteous man and the wicked man," for a time for every matter and for every deed is there.
Ecl 3:22 I have seen that nothing is better than that man should be happy in his activities, for that is his lot. For who will bring him to see what will occur after him?

Ecl 12:1 Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth, before the evil days come and the years draw near when you will say," I have no delight in them";
Ecl 12:2 before the sun and the light, the moon and the stars are darkened, and clouds return after the rain; ...
Ecl 12:7 then the dust will return to the earth as it was, and the spirit will return to God who gave it.
Ecl 12:8 "Vanity of vanities," says the Preacher,"all is vanity!"
Ecl 12:9 In addition to being a wise man, the Preacher also taught the people knowledge; and he pondered, searched out and arranged many proverbs.
Ecl 12:10 The Preacher sought to find delightful words and to write words of truth correctly.
Ecl 12:11 The words of wise men are like goads, and masters of these collections are like well-driven nails; they are given by one Shepherd.
Ecl 12:12 But beyond this, my son, be warned: the writing of many books is endless, and excessive devotion to books is wearying to the body.
Ecl 12:13 The conclusion, when all has been heard, is: fear God and keep His commandments, because this applies to every person.
Ecl 12:14 For God will bring every act to judgment, everything which is hidden, whether it is good or evil.

Jn 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
Jn 1:2 He was in the beginning with God.
Jn 1:3 All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being.
Jn 1:4 In Him was life, and the life was the Light of men.
Jn 1:5 The Light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not comprehend it.
Jn 1:14 And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth.

Jn 14:1 "Do not let your heart be troubled; believe in God, believe also in Me.
Jn 14:15 "If you love Me, you will keep My commandments.
Jn 14:26 But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all that I said to you.
Jn 14:27 Peace I leave with you; My peace I give to you; not as the world gives do I give to you. Do not let your heart be troubled, nor let it be fearful.

Jn 17:12 While I was with them, I was keeping them in Your name which You have given Me; and I guarded them and not one of them perished but the son of perdition, so that the Scripture would be fulfilled.
Jn 17:13 But now I come to You; and these things I speak in the world so that they may have My joy made full in themselves.
Jn 17:14 I have given them Your word; and the world has hated them, because they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world.
Jn 17:15 I do not ask You to take them out of the world, but to keep them from the evil one.
Jn 17:16 They are not of the world, even as I am not of the world.
Jn 17:17 Sanctify them in the truth; Your word is truth.
Jn 17:18 As You sent Me into the world, I also have sent them into the world.
Jn 17:19 For their sakes I sanctify Myself, that they themselves also may be sanctified in truth.
Jn 17:20 "I do not ask on behalf of these alone, but for those also who believe in Me through their word;
Jn 17:21 that they may all be one; even as You, Father, are in Me and I in You, that they also may be in Us, so that the world may believe that You sent Me.
Jn 17:22 The glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one, just as We are one;
Jn 17:23 I in them and You in Me, that they may be perfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved them, even as You have loved Me.

Rom 3:9 What then? Are we better than they? Not at all; for we have already charged that both Jews and Greeks are all under sin;
Rom 3:10 as it is written," There is none righteous, not even one;
Rom 3:11 There is none who understands, There is none who seeks for God;
Rom 3:12 All have turned aside, together they have become useless; There is none who does good, There is not even one."
Rom 3:17 And the path of peace they have not known."
Rom 3:18 "There is no fear of God before their eyes."
Rom 3:19 Now we know that whatever the Law says, it speaks to those who are under the Law, so that every mouth may be closed and all the world may become accountable to God;
Rom 3:20 because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin.
Rom 3:21 But now apart from the Law the righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets,
Rom 3:22 even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction;
Rom 3:23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
Rom 3:24 being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
Rom 3:25 whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;
Rom 3:26 for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, so that He would be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.
Rom 3:27 Where then is boasting? It is excluded. By what kind of law? Of works? No, but by a law of faith.
Rom 3:28 For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from works of the Law.
Rom 3:29 Or is God the God of Jews only? Is He not the God of Gentiles also? Yes, of Gentiles also,
Rom 3:30 since indeed God who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith is one.
Rom 3:31 Do we then nullify the Law through faith? May it never be! On the contrary, we establish the Law.
1Jn 1:1 What was from the beginning, what we have heard, what we have seen with our eyes, what we have looked at and touched with our hands, concerning the Word of Life"
1Jn 1:2 and the life was manifested, and we have seen and testify and proclaim to you the eternal life, which was with the Father and was manifested to us"
1Jn 1:3 what we have seen and heard we proclaim to you also, so that you too may have fellowship with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father, and with His Son Jesus Christ.
1Jn 1:4 These things we write, so that our joy may be made complete.
1Jn 1:5 This is the message we have heard from Him and announce to you, that God is Light, and in Him there is no darkness at all.
1Jn 1:6 If we say that we have fellowship with Him and yet walk in the darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth;
1Jn 1:7 but if we walk in the Light as He Himself is in the Light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin.
1Jn 1:8 If we say that we have no sin, we are deceiving ourselves and the truth is not in us.
1Jn 1:9 If we confess our sins, He is faithful and righteous to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
1Jn 1:10 If we say that we have not sinned, we make Him a liar and His word is not in us.

1Jn 5:1 Whoever believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God, and whoever loves the Father loves the child born of Him.
1Jn 5:2 By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and observe His commandments.
1Jn 5:3 For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments; and His commandments are not burdensome.
1Jn 5:4 For whatever is born of God overcomes the world; and this is the victory that has overcome the world"our faith.
1Jn 5:5 Who is the one who overcomes the world, but he who believes that Jesus is the Son of God?
1Jn 5:10 The one who believes in the Son of God has the testimony in himself;
the one who does not believe God has made Him a liar, because he has not believed in the testimony that God has given concerning His Son.
1Jn 5:11 And the testimony is this, that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in His Son.
1Jn 5:12 He who has the Son has the life; he who does not have the Son of God does not have the life.
1Jn 5:13 These things I have written to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.

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